anĝh- (*henĝh-)

    anĝh- (*henĝh-)

    English meaning: “narrow, *press”

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “eng, einengen, schnũren”, partly also von seelischer Beklemmung, Angst

    Material: Verbal: Av. ązaŋhē “to press”, lengthened grade Av. ny-üzata “ she squeezes herself into her corset “, ny-üzayǝn “ to wedge oneself in “ (with ü = ů; ved. ahēma possibly “ let us arm = gird on the sword “ is remote to the meaning; anüha RV. 8, 46, 5 is unclear); Maybe zero grade Alb.Gheg (*anza-) zanë “to capture, grasp, press”, Tosc zë : Av. ązaŋhē “to press” [common Alb. -ĝh- > -z- phonetic mutation]. Gk. ἄγχω “ ties up, strangles “, Lat. angō “ to press tightly; of the throat, to strangle, throttle; in gen., to hurt, distress; of the mind, to torment, make anxious “; O.C.S. as i- verb ǫžǫ, ǫziti “ restrain “; in addition with zero grade very probable O.C.S. vęžǫ, vęzati “ bind “ (suggestion that v- is filling hiatus, see Meillet MSL. 14, 369, maybe becomes steady through influence from viti “ coil, bind, wind” which may also have influenced meaning?). anĝhú-s “ narrow “: O.Ind. only in aṁhu-bhēdī f. “ narrow lacuna “ and in the abl. sg. n. aṁhōḥ “ crowdedness, quality of tightly packed together, affliction “ (derivative aṁhurá- “ pressed, unhappy “); Gk. in ἀμφήν (see below); Lat. in angiportus (*angu-portus) “ narrow alley, a narrow street “; Goth. aggwus “ narrow “ (at first from *aggus, as manwus from *manus; w comes from the oblique cases), O.N. ǫngr, øngr, O.E. enge, O.S. engi, O.H.G. angi, engi “ narrow “, M.H.G. bange adv. (bi + adv. ango), Ger. bange; furthur derivatives with g: Arm. anjuk “ narrow “, mit k O.C.S. ǫzъ-kъ “ narrow “. Welsh e(h)ang (*eks-angu-, IE *n̥ĝhu-) “ far, wide, extensive “, M.Welsh eingyaw “ be restricted, be contained in ... “, O.Ir. cumcae (*kom-ingi̯ü) gl. “ compression of the throat, suffocation; of the mind, distress, anguish, trouble “, fairsing “ far, wide “ (*for-eks-ingi-), cumung (*kom-ingu-, IE *n̥ĝhu-) “ narrow “, ing f. (*n̥ĝhī) “ crowdedness, affliction “, from *kom-angi̯o- Welsh cyfyng, in this way yng (also ing, Morris-Jones, Welsh Gk. 110) “ narrow “, M.Bret. encq (*angi̯o-) “ narrow “. Maybe Alb. eng “deaf and dumb (*narrowed)” anĝhos-, anĝhes “ oppression, affliction, crowdedness “: O.Ind. áṁhas- n. “ Fear, distress, need “ (as well as aṁhatí-ḥ f.), Av. ązah- “ badgering, need, captivity “, ązō-jata “ killed by strangulation “: Lat. angor m. “ compression of the throat, suffocation; of the mind, distress, anguish, trouble “, angus-tus “ narrow “ (from *anghos-to-s); angustiae “ narrowness; hence, of space, a strait, narrow place; ‘spiritus”, shortness of breath; of time, shortness; of supplies, shortness, poverty; of circumstances, difficulty, distress; of disposition, narrow-mindedness; of reasoning, subtlety “; maybe zero grade in Alb. (*angus-tus) ngushtë “narrow”. about Celtic see above; O.N. angr m. (maybe originally more neutrally es-stem, Fick4 III 12) “ Annoyance, loss, pity, affliction, frustration “, O.Fris. angost, O.H.G. angust, Ger. Angst (from *anghos-ti- changing the vowel after *anghu-); O.C.S. ǫzostъ “ restriction, constriction, limitation, narrowing “; Lith. añkštas “ narrow “ (k- insertion, not guttural change) cannot stand for *anž[a]s-tas or *anž-tO.S. Words for “ nape “ as “ the narroWest place between head and trunk “ ( the idea also plays a role “ where one strangles one “ in light of this?): Gk. Eol. ἄμφην and αὔφην “ nape “ (after Schulze GGA. 1897, 909 A. 1, as *αγχF-ήν substantivization of u-adj. *anĝhú-s by means of forms -en-; about αὐχήν see also Schwyzer Gk. I 296), Goth. hals-agga “nape”, Clr. vjazy pl. “Neck”, Cz. vaz “ neck, nape “ (to vęzati see above), O.Pruss. (as Slav. Lw.) winsus “ neck “ (also Arm. viz “ neck, throat, cervix “ with preposition v-?), see Pedersen KZ .38, 311; 39, 402, Vondrák Sl. Gk. I 184, Adontz Mé l. Boisacq I 10, as well as below under augh-, ugh. Other formations: Gk. ἀγχόνη “ cord, choking, strangling “ (from it Lat. angina “ the quinsy, as suffocating “), ἀγκτήρ m. “ braces, bandage “, ἄγχι, ἀγχοῦ, ἀγχόθι “ close to “ (compare Fr. près “ close to, near “: Lat. pressus “a pressing, pressure”), compounds ἀ̃σσον “ nearer, very near “ (*ἄγχι̯ον; ἄσσον hence has changed after μάσσων = *μακι̯ων, Osthoff MU. 6, 60 ff.); common Gk.-Illyr. -ks- > -ss- phonetic mutation; Bret. concoez “ geode “ (*kom-angeid-; compare also dial. añcoe “ uvula in the throat “; Ernault RC. 7, 314; 19, 314 ff.); O.C.S. ǫzota “ narrowness “. Gaul. PN Octodurus absents, because Ir. ochte “ narrowness, straitness “ does not exist. Van Windekens (Lexique 5) puts here Toch. A aṃc̨är “ weak. flimsy (?)”.

    References: WP. I. 62 f., WH. I 47.